This is going to increase to 13cr by 2030 (UNDP, April). Every year 20 lakh people join the labor force but only some 6 lac jobs were available in the last 2 years. Nearly 74% of the jobless people are young. Of the 16cr people of the country 10.5cr are between 15-64 year age bracket & this age group people is likely to become 13cr by 2030 (UNDP, April).

The unemployment situation poses a precarious picture & largely explains the frustration & restlessness in the society. Self-employment and creating employment opportunity for the youth is a great challenge. Social business can mitigate the problem slightly. By investing in a social business venture or company create more employment opportunity.

The objective of the venture or business is purely to achieve one or more social objective through operation of the venture more specifically reduction of poverty and creating employment opportunity but traditionally In capitalist economy, profit maximizing of shareholder is the mail goal of business operation

With the goal of achieving social welfare introduced another kind of business that recognize the multidimensional nature of human being.  The business is social business, According to Muhammad Yunus A social business is designed and operated as  a business enterprise, with product, services, customer, markets , expenses, and revenue. It is a no loss, no dividend, self-sustaining company that sells goods or services and payback investments to its owner but whose primary purpose is to serve society and improve the lot of the poor. The investors/owners can recoup the money invested but cannot take any dividend beyond that point.

Exclusive profit maximizing motives of capitalistic economy has been largely responsible for creating poverty. Poverty reduces with the augmentation in employment. To address the issue apparently introduced corporate social responsibility (CSR) in traditional capitalism business in order to enable it to protect the interest of the poor people. Even a business company which adopts CSR approach does not pay enough attention to CSR related activities because its prime goals is to maximize profits for its shareholders. As a results, the impact of CSR on poverty alleviation proven insignificants. Since The poverty is the most important case among several cause of increasing unemployment.

The alleviate poverty by creating new employment opportunity introduced another kind of business called social business. Entrepreneurs will set up social businesses not to achieve a limited personal gain but to pursue specific goals. Employment greatly depends on investment. Investment is the most vital factor for economic growth and development. Employment creates earning capacity and ensures workers entitlement on goods and services. According to the development thinkers it may work as a revolutionary tools in creating employment opportunity for youth through more and more investment in social business.

Author : Rakib Hossain; Monitoring and Evaluation officer, Help the needy charitable trust Bangladesh.

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He was a keynote speaker at the Social Enterprise World Forum that took place in Milan from the 1st to the 3rd of July. The Social Enterprise World Forum (SEWF) is an international event where social enterprises all over the world to come together and discuss policy and practice, to learn from one another and to network. Over 1,000 delegates from all over the globe are set to descend on the Social Enterprise World Forum organized by the ACRA–CCS foundation of Italy and Social Enterprise UK.

Professor Yunus participated in a panel discussion with Mr. Maurizio Martina. Italian Minister of Agricultural, Food and Forestry on ways to address global hunger together with Hon Giovanni Melandri former Minister of sports of Italy and President of Human Foundation, Emma Bonino, former foreign minister of Italy and leading Woman activist of Europe. They discussed possible ways to respond to global hunger.

Professor Yunus addressed an event organized by Cariplo Foundation the foundation of largest Italian bank and met separately with is Chairperson Mr Giuseppe Guzzetti to discussion creation of a Social Business Fund which will focus on youth unemployment.

On 7th July Professor Yunus delivered keynote speech in a program titled “The other Half of the Planet-Women’s Weeks” at the Expo Milano 2015. In the program Professor Yunus said “Women’s performance is the best when they have the same opportunities.” Italian Foreign Minister Paolo Gentiloni also spoke at the conference alongside Professor Yunus.

Professor Yunus also addressed as keynote speaker a special forum organized by Letizia Moratti, former Mayor of Milan on the subject of Women in Business. Professor Yunus also addressed a conference organized by France based social business fund Danone Communities.

Professor Yunus’s visit to Italy culminated with a grand ceremony on July 8 to confer the honorary citizenship of the city of Bologna on Professsr Yunus.

Mayor of Bologna Virginio Merola conferred this honorary citizenship of the City of Bologna, in an elaborate ceremony at the City Hall participated by the Speaker of the Italian Parliament Ms Laura Boldrini who flew in from Rome to participate in the ceremony, and attended by Former Prime Minister of Italy Mr Romano Prodi and his wife, President of the City Council Ms Simona Lembi, and over 350 elite of the city. Ms Boldrini was the main speaker in the ceremony who delivered a special speech eulogising the accomplishments of Professor Yunus and their relevance to Italy and the rest of the world.
The event took place at Bologna’s City Hall on July 8, 2015 in Bologna, Italy. Around 350 distinguished guests participated in the event. A Tagore song presented by Bangladeshi community made the ceremony more attractive to the Italian participants.

Earlier in the week, Professor Yunus joined in a special train journey on July 4 from north of Italy to Naples in the south of Italy. During the train journey Yunus conducted intensive discussion on the role of youth to 50 Italian youth, who joined the journey to participate in the conversation with Yunus. In Naples Yunus visited Scampia, a nearbourhood of 100,000 people with 70 percent youth unemployment and proliferation drug and violence. Yunus gave an outline to leaders of the community how to overcome their problems.

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They have done  the “Global Thought Leaders” ranking, through a systematic analysis of the English-speaking infosphere to determine the top 100 most influential thinkers in the world.

The list includes individuals who are influencing the way we think today, whose ideas are determining ours and whose ideas engage people most frequently. They are the most influential thinkers. With the help of software-based calculations to produce a simple “influence rank”, Gloor presents the 2014 Thought Leaders ranking. It measures the global importance of creative minds.

The top position in the list was Pope Francis,  after being included for the first time in the initial selection process, this year. He is followed in second position by  “Pope of the Internet” Tim Berners-Lee. In third and fourth places respectively are  the Indian economist Amartya Sen and Czech writer Milan Kundera.

Those occupying 6th through 10th positions on the list are held by novelist Mario Vargas Llosa, physicist Murray Gell-Mann, novelist Paulo Coelho, anthropologist Jane Goodall and author Naomi Klein.

The top 100 of 2014 global thought leaders ranking were derived from a list of 236 people from around the world who invite further discourse through their ideas.

This list can be filtered according to nationality, gender, field of knowledge and age. Clicking on a person’s head opens a window with details on that person and their field, as seen in the following link that reveals the 2014 ranking in the website of Zurich based newspaper Tagesanzeiger:

https://longform.tagesanzeiger.ch/vordenker/?lang=en#rankingglobal

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In his remarks Professor Yunus said that there is a need to bring human identity back to the business, defining business should be something that “will not do harm to people, will not do harm to planet, will not exploit people, will have no corruption and no deception”. Sharing his own experience, Professor Yunus said he is creating a space in conventional between business and philanthropy – which he terms as social business. This is dedicated to solve problems, not to make personal money.

Professor Yunus was invited to the lunch hosted by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe of Japan, where he was asked to make comments by WEF founder Klaus Schwab. Professor Yunus briefed the PM about the Japanese companies doing social business including clothes retailing giant Uniqlo, explaining the concept to the PM.  Professor Yunus proposed  for Japan to dedicate huge dormant account funds in Japan, which lie unutilized,  towards creating a social business fund. PM Abe was very happy to hear about these ideas and particularly about Uniqlo’s involvement in social business

Professor Yunus participated in a high level meeting attended by UN Secretary General Ban ki Moon, World Bank President Jim Kim, moderated by US Vice President Al Gore on global climate change.

He was invited to have a meeting with Minister of International Trade and Industry of Malaysia Mustapa Mohammed to discuss the details of launching of social business fund in Malaysia. The Fund was announced by Honourable Prime Minister of Malaysia Mohammad Najib during the Social Business Summit in Kuala Lumpur in November 2013.

Professor Yunus also had meeting with noted actor of the “Bourne” films  and activist Matt Damon who has launched an organization called Water.org that seeks to bring clean water to remote parts of Africa and India where poorest people lack access. In his speech for Water.org at WEF, Damon said his work is inspired by Professor Yunus, whose work he has been following for many years.

He also had a special review meeting with the Prime Minister of Haiti Laurent Lamothe to review the ongoing social business being carried on the island nation by Yunus Social Business, particularly the progress of the  social business to reforest the island, for which his government has already allocated ten thousand hectares of land.

Professor Yunus had separate meetings with the CEOs of German airline Lufthansa, leading Swiss Bank UBS and investment bank Goldman Sachs and worked out plans for their initiatives in Social Business particularly focussing on youth unemployment in South European countries.

He addressed the Young Global Shapers, outstanding young people selected to by the Schwab Foundation who are chosen for leadership qualities already demonstrated in work that changes the world. Professor Yunus attended the board meeting of the Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurs, of which he has been a founding member along with Klaus Schwab, Hilda Schwab and Queen Mathilde of Belgium.

In Wiesbaden, Germany he had a meeting with newly elected Mayor, Sven Gerich to review the social business programs of the city which declared itself as the Social Business City. Professor Yunus visited Brussels where he addressed a meeting of business leaders, academics, and students. A leading business family of Belgium expressed their intention to create a social business fund for Belgium.

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The Summit is taking place exactly 30 years after Lech Walesa, former Trade Union leader received Nobel Peace Prize for the successful leading of workers at strike in the Gdansk Shipyard, which led to historical downturn of the communist regime by means of negotiation and without violence. Lech Walesa is also celebrating his 70th birthday this year.

2006 Nobel Peace Laureate Professor Yunus spoke at opening session along with president de Clark of South Africa and President Lech Walesa. He also spoke in a plenary session entitled “Human Values in the Time of Crisis” together with the host – Lech Walesa as well as Maired Corrigan Maguire [honoured for attempts to resolve peacefully the conflict in the Northern Ireland] and Peter Launsky-Tieffenthal [who represented the United Nations – laureate of Nobel Peace Prize awarded symbolically at 100th anniversary of the prize].

Muhammad Yunus presented a special Nobel Summit Medal on behalf of the Laureates to Jerzy Owsiak, Polish social activist, well known in the country for his work with young people. In August every year, he organizes a music festival for young people, known as European Woodstock Festival, where over half a million young people create a city of tents. During the festival they meet opinion leaders, discuss current life issues and listens to rock music.

Thanking for the Medal, Jerzy Owsiak invited Professor Yunus to join him in the next Woodstock Festival in August 2014. Actress and activist Sharon Stone, who is also at the Summit to receive the Peace Summit Award from Professor Yunus on Wednesday, is also invited to attend the music festival.

On 22 October 2013 Professor Muhammad Yunus spoke in the session entitled “Unheard Voices. Inequalities in Social Justice” and on 23 October he will speak in the session on “Youth in Solidarity”.

Summit attracted some 1,500 young attendees from all over the world and representatives of the Polish public and business leaders. Laureates and their organizations will run Civic academy discussions and workshops every afternoon for the participating youth.

Yunus Centre organized two workshops on Social Business for students on 21 October afternoon and another for entrepreneurs on 22 October 2013. Prof Yunus will address the workshops together with other members of Yunus Centre team.

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